Ensayos clínicos

Inclusion Criteria:

STEP 0

• Patient must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) of 0-2 (PS 3 allowed if secondary to pain). 
• Patient must have newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) by International  Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria.
• Patient must agree to register to the mandatory REVLIMID Risk Evaluation and  Mitigation Strategy (RevREMS) program and be willing and able to comply with the  requirements of RevREMS.
• Patient must be able to undergo diagnostic bone marrow aspirate following  preregistration.
  • NOTE: Bone marrow aspirate specimen must be submitted to Adaptive Biotechnologies for clonoSEQ Assay.  
  • NOTE: Adaptive Biotechnologies will release results to the diagnostic Portal from the Clonality (ID) test within fourteen (14) days of receipt and reconciliation of fresh bone marrow specimen to the submitting institution.

STEP 1

• Patient must meet all eligibility criteria in STEP 0 with exception of  allergy requirement.
• Institution must have received the Clonality (ID) test results from Adaptive  Biotechnologies and dominant sequences were identified.
• Patient must have standard risk MM as defined by the Revised International  Staging System (RISS) stage I or II. 
  • NOTE: R-ISS stage is based on serum beta2 microglobulin, albumin and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels along with presence of chromosomal abnormalities (CA) detected by interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization (iFISH). Presence of del(17p), t(4;14), and/or t(14;16) is considered high risk and absence of these, including any other findings, are standard risk.
  • R-ISS stage - Stage I: ISS stage I [beta2 macroglobulin < 3.5 mg/L, albumin > 3.5 g/dL]  AND standard-risk CA AND normal LDH
• Stage II: Not R-ISS stage I or III
• Stage III: ISS stage III [beta2 macroglobulin > 5.5 mg/L] AND high-risk CA  OR high LDH (> upper limit of normal) [patients with stage III are  ineligible].
• Patient must have measurable or evaluable disease as defined by having one or  more of the following, obtained within 28 days prior to registration:  
  • ≥ 1 g/dL monoclonal protein (M-protein) on serum protein electrophoresis;
  •  ≥ 200 mg/24 hours of monoclonal protein on a 24-hour urine protein electrophoresis.
• Involved free light chain ≥ 10 mg/dL or ≥ 100 mg/L AND abnormal serum immunoglobulin kappa to lambda free light chain ratio (< 0.26 or > 1.65).
• Monoclonal bone marrow plasmacytosis ≥ 30% (evaluable disease).
• Patients must have a serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP), urine protein  electrophoresis (UPEP), and serum free light chain (FLC) assay performed within 28  days prior to registration. In addition, a bone marrow biopsy and/or aspirate is  required within 28 days if bone marrow is being followed for response.
  • NOTE: UPEP (on a 24-hour collection) is required, no substitute method is acceptable. Urine must be followed monthly if the baseline urine M-spike is ≥ 200 mg/24 hr. Please note that if both serum and urine M-components are present, both must be followed in order to evaluate response.
  • NOTE: The serum free light chain test is required to be done if the patient does not have measurable disease in the serum or urine. Measurable disease in the serum is defined as having a serum M-spike ≥ 1 g/dL. Measurable disease in the urine is defined as having a urine M-spike ≥ 200 mg/24 hr.
• Calculated creatinine clearance > 30 mL/min (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to Step 1 registration).
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1000/mm^3 (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to Step 1 registration).
• Untransfused platelet count ≥ 75,000/mm^3 (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to Step  1 registration).
• Hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 g/dL (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to Step 1 registration).
• Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN (institutional upper limit of normal) (obtained  ≤ 14 days prior to Step 1 registration).
• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 3 x  ULN (obtained ≤ 14 days prior to Step 1 registration).
• Patient must have received no more than one cycle (28 days or less) of prior  chemotherapy and no more than 160 mg of prior dexamethasone (or equivalent dose of prednisone) for treatment of symptomatic myeloma. Patient must not have been exposed  to daratumumab for treatment of symptomatic myeloma. Prior radiation therapy to  symptomatic lesions is allowed provided there are no residual toxicity related to radiation and blood counts meet the study requirements. Radiation treatment must be  completed at least 14 days prior to Step 1 registration.
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective  anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months of randomization are eligible for this trial.
• For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the  HBV viral load must be undetectable on suppressive therapy, if indicated. 
• Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been  treated and cured. For patients with HCV infection who are currently on treatment,  they are eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral load.
• Patients with a prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or  treatment does not have the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy  assessment of the investigational regimen are eligible for this trial.
• Patients with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or  history of treatment with cardiotoxic agents, should have a clinical risk assessment  of cardiac function using the New York Heart Association Functional Classification. To  be eligible for this trial, patients should be class 2B or better. Patients must not have evidence of current uncontrolled cardiovascular conditions, including  hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, unstable angina, or  myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to Step 1 registration.
• Patient may have a history of current or previous deep vein thrombosis (DVT)  or pulmonary embolism (PE) but must be willing to take some form of anti-coagulation as prophylaxis if they are not currently on full-dose anticoagulation.
• Patients with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) must  have FEV1 testing done within 28 days prior to Step 1 registration and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) must be > 50% of predicted normal.

STEP 2

• Institution must have received Tracking (MRD) test results from Adaptive  Biotechnologies.
• Patient must have completed the Step 1 Induction phase of this protocol  without experiencing progression.
• Patient must be registered to Step 2 within 8 weeks of completing Step 1  Induction Treatment, counting from last day of completion of last cycle.
• Patient must have an ECOG performance status (PS) of 0-2 (PS 3 allowed if  secondary to pain).  
• Any adverse event(s) related to Step 1 Induction Treatment must have resolved  to grade 2 or less.
• Hemoglobin ≥ 8 g/dL (obtained within 14 days prior to Step 2 randomization).
• Platelet count ≥ 50,000/mm^3 (obtained within 14 days prior to Step 2  randomization).
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1000/mm^3 (obtained within 14 days prior  to Step 2 randomization).
• Calculated creatinine clearance ≥ 30 mL/min (obtained within 14 days prior  to Step 2 randomization).
• Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN (Institutional upper limit of normal) (obtained within 14 days prior to Step 2 randomization).
• ALT and AST < 3 x ULN (obtained within 14 days prior to Step 2 randomization).

Exclusion Criteria:

STEP 0

• Patient must not have any known allergies, hypersensitivity, or intolerance  to corticosteroids, monoclonal antibodies or human proteins, or their excipients  (refer to respective package inserts or Investigator's Brochure), or known sensitivity  to mammalian-derived products.

STEP 1

• Women must not be pregnant or breast-feeding due to the potential harm and  teratogenic effects to an unborn fetus and possible risk for adverse events in nursing  infants with the treatment regimens being used. All females of childbearing potential  must have a blood test or urine study with a sensitivity of at least 25 mIU/mL within 10-14 days prior to Step 1 registration to rule out pregnancy and again within 24  hours prior to the first dose of lenalidomide. Females of childbearing potential must  also agree to ongoing pregnancy testing while on protocol treatment. A female of childbearing potential is defined as any woman, regardless of sexual orientation or  whether they have undergone tubal ligation, who meets the following criteria:  
  • Has achieved menarche at some point;
  • Has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; or  
  • Has not been naturally postmenopausal (amenorrhea following cancer therapy does not rule out childbearing potential) for at least 24 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 24 consecutive months).
• Women of childbearing potential must not expect to conceive children by using  accepted and effective method(s) of contraception (for this protocol defined as the use of TWO acceptable methods of birth control, one highly effective method and one additional effective method AT THE SAME TIME for:
  • at least 28 days before starting  protocol treatment;
  • while participating in the study;
  • during dose interruptions; and
  • for at least 3 months days after the last dose of protocol treatment) OR by practicing true abstinence from sexual intercourse for the duration of their participation in the study (periodic abstinence [e.g., calendar, ovulation,  symptothermal, post-ovulation methods] and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of  contraception). Men must not expect to father children by practicing true abstinence  from sexual intercourse for the duration of their participation in the study (periodic  abstinence [e.g., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods] and  withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception) OR use a latex condom during  sexual contact with a female of child bearing potential while participating in the  study and for at least 3 months after the last dose of protocol treatment even if they  have had a successful vasectomy. Men must also agree to abstain from donating sperm  while on study treatment and for 3 months after the last dose of protocol treatment  even if they have had a successful vasectomy. Both women and men must both agree to  abstain from donating blood during study participation and for at least 28 days after  the last dose of protocol treatment.
• Patient must not have peripheral neuropathy ≥ grade 2 on clinical  examination or grade 1 with pain at time of Step 1 registration.
• Patient must not have any serious medical or psychiatric illness that could,  in the investigator's opinion, potentially interfere with the completion of treatment  according to this protocol.
• Patient must not have moderate or severe persistent asthma within the past 2  years, or uncontrolled asthma of any classification.
  • NOTE: Patients who currently have controlled intermittent asthma or controlled mild persistent asthma are allowed to register.
• Patient must not receive any other concurrent chemotherapy, or any ancillary  therapy considered investigational while on this protocol.
  • NOTE: Bisphosphonates are considered to be supportive care rather than therapy, and are thus allowed while on protocol treatment.

STEP 2

• Patient must not have received any non-protocol therapy outside of the  assigned Step 1 Induction treatment including stem cell transplant.
• Women must not be pregnant or breast-feeding due to the potential harm and  teratogenic effects to an unborn fetus and possible risk for adverse events in nursing  infants with the treatment regimens being used. All females of childbearing potential  must have a blood test or urine study with a sensitivity of at least 25 mIU/mL within 10-14 days prior to Step 2 randomization to rule out pregnancy and again within 24  hours prior to the first dose of lenalidomide. Females of childbearing potential must also agree to ongoing pregnancy testing while on protocol treatment. A female of childbearing potential is defined as any woman, regardless of sexual orientation or  whether they have undergone tubal ligation, who meets the following criteria:  
  • Has achieved menarche at some point;
  • Has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; or
  • Has not been naturally postmenopausal (amenorrhea following cancer therapy does not rule out childbearing potential) for at least 24 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 24 consecutive months).
• Women of childbearing potential must not expect to conceive children by using  accepted and effective method(s) of contraception (for this protocol defined as the  use of TWO acceptable methods of birth control, one highly effective method and one  additional effective method AT THE SAME TIME for:
  • at least 28 days before starting  protocol treatment;
  • while participating in the study;
  • during dose interruptions; and
  • for at least 3 months days after the last dose of protocol treatment) OR by practicing true abstinence from sexual intercourse for the duration of their participation in the study (periodic abstinence [e.g., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods] and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of  contraception).  Men must not expect to father children by practicing true abstinence from sexual intercourse for the duration of their participation in the study (periodic abstinence [e.g., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods] and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception) OR use a latex condom during sexual contact with a female of child bearing potential while participating in the study and for at least 3 months after the last dose of protocol treatment even if they have had a successful vasectomy. Men must also agree to abstain from donating sperm while on study treatment and for 3 months after the last dose of protocol treatment even if they have had a successful vasectomy. Both women and men must both agree to abstain from donating blood during study participation and for at least 28 days after the last dose of protocol treatment.