Ensayos clínicos

Inclusion Criteria:

• Olmsted County residents
• Age ≥50 yrs
• History of HF diagnoses and either:
  • have been on β-blockers for at least 1 year
  • have not received chronic β-blockers for at least the past 3 years
• Age and sex matched controls who do not have HF and who have not received chronic β-blockers for the past 3 years
• Eligible women will be postmenopausal for at least 1 year

Exclusion Criteria:

• Current or past history of malignancy that has required chemotherapy
• Chronic renal insufficiency (GFR<30)
• Bilateral hip replacements/pinning
• History of current or past chronic glucocorticoid use (>3 months)
• On pharmacologic doses of thyroid replacement
• Current users of teraparatide, denosumab, oral or IV bisphosphonates, calcitonin, oral hormone replacement therapy (HRT), selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), aromatase inhibitors in past 12 months, or androgen blockers   
• Subjects who are not ambulatory