酵母菌感染、细菌性阴道病和绝经都可能改变阴道分泌物。这些病症可能令人感到不适,治疗有所助益。
有时,分泌物变化可能是较为严重问题的症状。有些性传播感染(STI)可能导致阴道分泌物变化。STI 可能危及您和他人的身体健康。因此,了解自己是否患有 STI 很有必要。
褐色或带血的阴道分泌物可能是宫颈癌的体征,但这种情况较为罕见。
与感染或炎症相关的原因
可能引起与感染或发炎有关的阴道异常分泌物的原因包括:
- 细菌性阴道炎 (阴道刺激)
- 宫颈炎
- 沙眼衣原体
- 淋病
- 卫生棉条遗忘(滞留)
- 盆腔炎性疾病(PID)
- 滴虫病
- 阴道炎
- 酵母菌感染(阴道)
其他病因
阴道分泌物异常的其他原因包括:
- 某些卫生习惯,比如灌洗、使用有香味的喷雾剂或肥皂
- 宫颈癌
- 怀孕
- 阴道萎缩 也称为绝经期泌尿生殖综合征
- 阴道癌
- 阴道瘘
阴道分泌物变化只在很少情况下是癌症的体征。
下面列出了与该症状有关的常见病因。请与您的医生或其他医疗中心的专家配合,寻求更准确的诊断结果。
June 17, 2023
- Sobel JD. Approach to women with symptoms of vaginitis. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Dec. 20, 2022.
- Vaginal candidiasis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/candidiasis/genital/. Accessed Dec. 20, 2022.
- Vulvovaginal candidiasis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/candidiasis.htm. Accessed Dec. 20, 2022.
- Menopause. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/menopause. Accessed Dec. 20, 2022.
- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/menopause. Accessed Dec. 20, 2022.
- FAQs: Vulvovaginal health. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/vulvovaginal-health. Accessed Dec. 20, 2022.
- Gershenson DM, et al. Genital tract infections: Vulva, vagina, cervix, toxic shock syndrome, endometritis, and salpingitis. In: Comprehensive Gynecology. 8th ed. Elsevier; 2022. http://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Dec. 20, 2022.
- Vaginal cancer treatment (PDQ). National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/vaginal/patient/vaginal-treatment-pdq. Dec. 20, 2022.
- Toglia MR. Rectovaginal and anovaginal fistulas. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Dec. 20, 2022.
- FAQs: Disorders of the vulva: Common causes of vulvar pain, burning, and itching. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/disorders-of-the-vulva-common-causes-of-vulvar-pain-burning-and-itching. Accessed Dec. 28, 2022.
- Signs and symptoms of cervical cancer. American Cancer Society. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cervical-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html. Accessed Dec. 29, 2022.
- AskMayoExpert. Vulvovaginitis. Mayo Clinic; 2022.