钾低(低钾血症)起因众多。最常见的原因是促进排尿的处方药导致尿中钾流失过多。这类药物又称水丸或利尿剂,常常开给高血压或心脏病患者。
呕吐及/或腹泻也可能导致钾从消化道流失过多。有时,钾低偶尔由饮食中未获得足够钾引起。
钾流失的原因包括:
- 饮酒 (过量)
- 慢性肾病
- 糖尿病酮症酸中毒 (在此期间,体内会有大量叫做酮类的血液酸)
- 腹泻
- 利尿剂 (水潴留缓解剂)
- 过度使用泻药
- 出汗过多
- 叶酸缺乏症
- 原发性醛固酮增多症
- 使用一些抗生素的
- 呕吐
下面列出了与该症状有关的常见病因。请与您的医生或其他医疗中心的专家配合,寻求更准确的诊断结果。
June 23, 2022
- Adams JG. Potassium. In: Emergency Medicine: Clinical Essentials. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2013. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed May 5, 2017.
- Hypokalemia. The Merck Manuals: The Merck Manual for Health Care Professionals. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine_and_metabolic_disorders/electrolyte_disorders/hypokalemia.html. Accessed April 5, 2017.
- Mount DB, et al. Causes of hypokalemia in adults. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed April 5, 2017.
- Mount DB, et al. Clinical manifestations and treatment of hypokalemia in adults. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed April 5, 2017.
- Potassium, serum. Mayo Medical Laboratories. http://www.mayomedicallaboratories.com/test-catalog/Clinical+and+Interpretive/81390. Accessed April 28, 2017.