概述
肺动脉瓣疾病会累及右下心腔以及将血液输送到肺部的动脉(肺动脉)之间的瓣膜(肺动脉瓣)。
发生病变的肺动脉瓣无法正常工作。肺动脉瓣疾病会改变血液从心脏流向肺部的方式。
通常情况下,肺动脉瓣像一扇从右下心腔到肺部的单向门,血液通过肺动脉瓣从腔室流出,进入肺动脉,再进入肺部,然后血液将在肺部吸收的氧气输送到全身各处。
肺动脉瓣疾病的类型包括:
- 肺动脉瓣狭窄。肺动脉瓣狭窄会减少从心脏到肺动脉和肺部的血流。
- 肺动脉瓣反流。肺动脉瓣的瓣膜(小叶)关闭不严,导致血液回流到右下心腔(右心室)。
- 肺动脉闭锁。这是一种先天性病症,即是一种先天性的心脏缺陷。肺动脉瓣未形成。相反,一块实心组织块阻断了心脏右侧的血液流动,导致血液无法进入肺部吸收氧气。
许多类型的肺动脉瓣疾病均由出生时即患有的心脏病引起。治疗方法取决于肺动脉瓣疾病的类型和严重程度。
Feb. 23, 2023
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