诊断
诊断
失温诊断通常基于体征以及体温过低的人患病或被发现时进行的。血液检测也可以帮助确定失温及其严重程度。
然而,如果症状较轻(例如身处室内的老年人出现意识混乱、缺乏协调和言语问题的症状),则可能不易诊断。
治疗
治疗
如有任何人出现失温,请立即就医。在获得医疗帮助之前,请遵循以下有关失温的急救指南。
治疗
治疗
根据严重程度,针对失温的急救治疗可能包括以下一种干预措施来提高体温:
- 被动复温。对于轻微失温的人来说,只需用加热的毯子盖住他们并让其喝下温热液体。
- 血液复温。将血液抽出、加热,然后送人体内再循环。常用的血液复温方法是使用血液透析机,该仪器通常供肾功能差的人过滤血液。也可能需要使用心脏搭桥机。
- 温热静脉输液。可以将温热的盐水静脉注射液注入静脉以帮助加热血液。
- 气道复温。使用带口罩或鼻管的湿化氧气,可以温暖气道,帮助提高体温。
- 冲洗。使用温盐水溶液加热身体的某些部位,如肺周围区域(胸膜)或腹腔(腹膜腔)。用导管将温热的液体注入患处。
March 05, 2022
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