Clinical Trials

Inclusion Criteria:

• Men undergoing 3-piece penile prosthesis placement under general anesthesia at Mayo Clinic - Rochester.
• ≥ 18 years old.

Exclusion Citeria:

• History of opioid exposure within the preceding 90 days prior to surgery (based on patient-report, review of the electronic medical record, and NMP prescribing database review).
• Current or prior history of alcohol or drug abuse (illicit or prescription).
• History of chronic pain conditions (chronic musculoskeletal pain, fibromyalgia, central sensitization, chronic pelvic pain syndrome, etc.).
• History of cardiac arrhythmia or untreated severe cardiovascular disease.
• Uncontrolled hypertension.
• Hepatic insufficiency.
• Renal insufficiency (CKD stage IIIa or greater).
• Current anti-platelet or anti-coagulation therapy with plans to continue at the time of prosthesis placement.
• Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (defined as HgbA1c > 8.5 within 30 days of surgery).
• Concurrent adjunctive operative procedures planned at the time of penile prosthesis placement (examples: male urethral sling, Peyronie’s disease straightening with penile plication or incision/grafting).
• Concurrent non-prosthetic surgery planned at the time of penile prosthesis placement (examples: circumcision, hernia repair, hydrocelectomy, etc.).
• Planned infrapubic or subcoronal incision at the time of penile prosthesis placement.
• Patients who will be undergoing prosthesis placement using local, monitored, or spinal anesthesia (i.e., non-general anesthesia).
• Allergy or history of intolerance to any local anesthetic agents included in the protocol.
• History of prior penile prosthesis or artificial urinary sphincter surgery.
• Revision penile prosthesis surgery.