Clinical Trials

Inclusion Criteria:

For Groups 1-4

• Patients seeking clinical treatment for non-specific LBP through sports medicine, PM&R, or orthopedic physical therapy (PT) or through chiropractic care at Mayo Clinic.
• Subjects between 18-65 years old.

For Group 5

• Subjects between 18-65 years old.
• Self-reported non-specific LBP from the Tonal customer base.
• Specific to Group 5 subjects, participants recruited from the Tonal customer base will be matched (as near as possible) to existing clinical subjects recruited for Groups 1-4.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Acute and traumatic LBP onset (identifiable by singular event such as a car accident). Specific to Group 5, Tonal customers will be excluded if they indicate that they are seeking external physical therapy or chiropractic care to treat their LBP.
• Pregnant females. Pregnancy will be verbally assessed in female participants.  In Groups 1-4, this will be addressed during consent. In Group 5 this will be addressed during the question screening.  Female subjects will be asked to inform the study team if they become pregnant during the study period. If a subject becomes pregnant, they will be excluded from participation in any future study activities as pregnancy is a known confounding factor to lower back pain.