Publications

  1. Conover CA, Bale LK, Stan MN. PAPP-A as a Potential Target in Thyroid Eye Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2024 May 16 [Epub ahead of print]
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  2. Conover CA, Oxvig C. The Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) Story. Endocr Rev. 2023 Nov 9; 44 (6):1012-1028
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  3. Oxvig C, Conover CA. The Stanniocalcin-PAPP-A-IGFBP-IGF Axis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Jun 16; 108 (7):1624-1633
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  4. Conover CA, Bale LK. Senescence induces proteolytically-active PAPP-A secretion and association with extracellular vesicles in human pre-adipocytes. Exp Gerontol. 2023 Feb; 172:112070 Epub 2022 Dec 20
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  5. Frobert AM, Brohus M, Roesen TS, Kindberg J, Frobert O, Conover CA, Overgaard MT. Circulating insulin-like growth factor system adaptations in hibernating brown bears indicate increased tissue IGF availability. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2022 Sep 1; 323 (3):E307-E318 Epub 2022 July 13
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  6. Jepsen MR, Ostergaard JA, Conover CA, Wogensen L, Birn H, Krag SP, Fenton RA, Oxvig C. Increased activity of the metalloproteinase PAPP-A promotes diabetes-induced glomerular hypertrophy. Metabolism. 2022 Jul; 132:155218 Epub 2022 May 16
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  7. Bale LK, Schafer MJ, Atkinson EJ, Le Brasseur NK, Haak AJ, Oxvig C, Conover CA. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) is a key component of an interactive cellular mechanism promoting pulmonary fibrosis. J Cell Physiol. 2022 Jan 30 [Epub ahead of print]
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  8. Bale LK, West SA, Conover CA. Brain-specific PAPP-A knock-out mice? Exp Gerontol. 2021 Oct 15; 154:111548 Epub 2021 Sept 09
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  9. Kritschil R, Zhang Z, Lei C, Zhong J, Dong Q, Lee J, Conover CA, Sowa G, Vallejo AN, Vo N. Effects of suppressing bioavailability of insulin-like growth factor on age-associated intervertebral disc degeneration. JOR Spine. 2020 Dec; 3 (4):e1112 Epub 2020 July 27
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  10. Ramakrishna A, Bale LK, West SA, Conover CA. Genetic and Pharmacological Inhibition of PAPP-A Protects Against Visceral Obesity in Mice. Endocrinology. 2020 Oct 1; 161 (10)
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  11. DiToro D, Harbour SN, Bando JK, Benavides G, Witte S, Laufer VA, Moseley C, Singer JR, Frey B, Turner H, Bruning J, Darley-Usmar V, Gao M, Conover C, Hatton RD, Frank S, Colonna M, Weaver CT. Insulin-Like Growth Factors Are Key Regulators of T Helper 17 Regulatory T Cell Balance in Autoimmunity. Immunity. 2020 Apr 14; 52 (4):650-667.e10
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  12. Kashyap S, Hein KZ, Chini CC, Lika J, Warner GM, Bale LK, Torres VE, Harris PC, Oxvig C, Conover CA, Chini EN. Metalloproteinase PAPP-A regulation of IGF-1 contributes to polycystic kidney disease pathogenesis. JCI Insight. 2020 Feb 27; 5 (4)
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  13. Steffensen LB, Conover CA, Oxvig C. PAPP-A and the IGF system in atherosclerosis: what's up, what's down? Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2019 Nov 1; 317 (5):H1039-H1049 Epub 2019 Sept 13
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  14. Heitzeneder S, Sotillo E, Shern JF, Sindiri S, Xu P, Jones R, Pollak M, Noer PR, Lorette J, Fazli L, Alag A, Meltzer P, Lau C, Conover CA, Oxvig C, Sorensen PH, Maris JM, Khan J, Mackall CL. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-a (papp-a) in ewing sarcoma: role in tumor growth and immune evasion Jnci-journal Of The National Cancer Institute. 2019 Sep; 111 (9):970-82
  15. Conover CA, Bale LK, Frye RL, Schaff HV. Cellular characterization of human epicardial adipose tissue: highly expressed PAPP-A regulates insulin-like growth factor I signaling in human cardiomyocytes. Physiol Rep. 2019 Feb; 7 (4):e14006
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  16. Torres D, Hou X, Bale L, Heinzen EP, Maurer MJ, Zanfagnin V, Oberg AL, Conover C, Weroha SJ. Overcoming platinum resistance in ovarian cancer by targeting pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. PLoS One. 2019; 14 (11):e0224564 Epub 2019 Nov 21
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  17. Bale LK, West SA, Conover CA. Characterization of mouse pericardial fat: regulation by PAPP-A. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2018 Oct - Dec; 42-43:1-7 Epub 2018 July 11
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  18. Conover CA, Oxvig C. PAPP-A and cancer. J Mol Endocrinol. 2018 Jul; 61 (1):T1-T10
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  19. Conover CA. The IGF-p53 connection in cancer. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2018 Apr; 39:25-28 Epub 2017 Dec 02
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  20. Bale LK, West SA, Conover CA. Inducible knockdown of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A gene expression in adult female mice extends life span. Aging Cell. 2017 Aug; 16 (4):895-897 Epub 2017 June 09
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  21. Conover CA, Oxvig C. PAPP-A: a promising therapeutic target for healthy longevity. Aging Cell. 2017 Apr; 16 (2):205-209 Epub 2016 Dec 29
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  22. Childs BG, Baker DJ, Wijshake T, Conover CA, Campisi J, van Deursen JM. Senescent intimal foam cells are deleterious at all stages of atherosclerosis. Science. 2016 Oct 28; 354 (6311):472-477 Epub 2016 Oct 27
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  23. Conover CA. Discrepancies in insulin-like growth factor signaling? No, not really. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2016 Oct - Dec; 30-31:42-44 Epub 2016 Oct 22
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  24. Donegan D, Bale LK, Conover CA. PAPP-A in normal human mesangial cells: effect of inflammation and factors related to diabetic nephropathy. J Endocrinol. 2016 Oct; 231 (1):71-80 Epub 2016 Aug 12
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  25. Bieghs L, Johnsen HE, Maes K, Menu E, Van Valckenborgh E, Overgaard MT, Nyegaard M, Conover CA, Vanderkerken K, De Bruyne E. The insulin-like growth factor system in multiple myeloma: diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Oncotarget. 2016 Jul 26; 7 (30):48732-48752
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  26. Conover CA, Bale LK, Nair KS. Comparative gene expression and phenotype analyses of skeletal muscle from aged wild-type and PAPP-A-deficient mice. Exp Gerontol. 2016 Jul; 80:36-42 Epub 2016 Apr 13
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  27. Steffensen LB, Conover CA, Bjorklund MM, Ledet T, Bentzon JF, Oxvig C. Stanniocalcin-2 overexpression reduces atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic mice. Atherosclerosis. 2016 May; 248:36-43.
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  28. Dauber A, Munoz-Calvo MT, Barrios V, Domene HM, Kloverpris S, Serra-Juhe C, Desikan V, Pozo J, Muzumdar R, Martos-Moreno GA, Hawkins F, Jasper HG, Conover CA, Frystyk J, Yakar S, Hwa V, Chowen JA, Oxvig C, Rosenfeld RG, Perez-Jurado LA, Argente J. Mutations in pregnancy-associated plasma protein A2 cause short stature due to low IGF-I availability. EMBO Mol Med. 2016 Apr 1; 8 (4):363-74
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  29. Conover CA, Bale LK, Oxvig C. Targeted Inhibition of Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A Activity Reduces Atherosclerotic Plaque Burden in Mice. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2016 Feb; 9 (1):77-9 Epub 2016 Jan 05
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  30. Bieghs L, Brohus M, Kristensen IB, Abildgaard N, Bogsted M, Johnsen HE, Conover CA, De Bruyne E, Vanderkerken K, Overgaard MT, Nyegaard M. Abnormal IGF-Binding Protein Profile in the Bone Marrow of Multiple Myeloma Patients. PLoS One. 2016; 11 (4):e0154256 Epub 2016 Apr 25
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  31. Steffensen LB, Poulsen CB, Shim J, Bek M, Jacobsen K, Conover CA, Bentzon JF, Oxvig C. Myocardial and Peripheral Ischemia Causes an Increase in Circulating Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A in Non-atherosclerotic, Non-heparinized Pigs. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2015 Dec; 8 (9):528-35 Epub 2015 Oct 06
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  32. Clifton KB, Conover CA. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A modulates the anabolic effects of parathyroid hormone in mouse bone. Bone. 2015 Dec; 81:413-416 Epub 2015 Aug 20
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  33. Thomsen J, Hjortebjerg R, Espelund U, Ortoft G, Vestergaard P, Magnusson NE, Conover CA, Tramm T, Hager H, Hogdall C, Hogdall E, Oxvig C, Frystyk J. PAPP-A proteolytic activity enhances IGF bioactivity in ascites from women with ovarian carcinoma. Oncotarget. 2015 Oct 13; 6 (31):32266-78
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  34. Yang TH, Thoreson AR, An KN, Zhao C, Conover CA, Amadio PC. PAPP-A affects tendon structure and mechanical properties. J Struct Biol. 2015 Oct; 192: (1)59-66.
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  35. Conover CA, Bale LK, Marler RJ. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A deficiency improves survival of mice on a high fat diet. Exp Gerontol. 2015 Oct; 70:131-4 Epub 2015 Aug 29
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  36. Becker MA, Haluska P Jr, Bale LK, Oxvig C, Conover CA. A novel neutralizing antibody targeting pregnancy-associated plasma protein-a inhibits ovarian cancer growth and ascites accumulation in patient mouse tumorgrafts. Mol Cancer Ther. 2015 Apr; 14 (4):973-81 Epub 2015 Feb 18
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  37. Brohus M, Gorbunova V, Faulkes CG, Overgaard MT, Conover CA. The Insulin-Like Growth Factor System in the Long-Lived Naked Mole-Rat. PLoS One. 2015; 10 (12):e0145587 Epub 2015 Dec 22
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  38. Mason EJ, Grell JA, West SA, Conover CA. Motor and memory testing of long-lived pregnancy-associated plasma protein--a knock-out mice. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2014 Dec; 24 (6):251-5 Epub 2014 Aug 20
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  39. Mansfield AS, Visscher DW, Hart SN, Wang C, Goetz MP, Oxvig C, Conover CA. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A expression in human breast cancer. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2014 Dec; 24(6):264-7.
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  40. Harstad SL, Conover CA. Tissue-specific changes in pregnancy associated plasma protein-A expression with age in mice. Exp Gerontol. 2014 Sep; 57:13-7 Epub 2014 May 09
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  41. Davidge-Pitts C, Escande CJ, Conover CA. Preferential expression of PAPPA in human preadipocytes from omental fat. J Endocrinol. 2014 Jul; 222: (1)87-97.
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  42. Lund J, Sondergaard MT, Conover CA, Overgaard MT. Heparin-binding mechanism of the IGF2/IGF-binding protein 2 complex. J Mol Endocrinol. 2014 Jun; 52(3):345-55. Epub 2014 Mar 06.
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  43. Bale LK, Chakraborty S, Conover CA. Inducible reduction in pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A gene expression inhibits established atherosclerotic plaque progression in mice. Endocrinology. 2014 Apr; 155 (4):1184-7 Epub 2014 Feb 07
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  44. Mikkelsen JH, Resch ZT, Kalra B, Savjani G, Kumar A, Conover CA, Oxvig C. Indirect targeting of IGF receptor signaling in vivo by substrate-selective inhibition of PAPP-A proteolytic activity. Oncotarget. 2014; 5(4):1014-25.
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  45. Conover CA, Harstad SL, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Preferential impact of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A deficiency on visceral fat in mice on high-fat diet. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Nov 1; 305 (9):E1145-53 Epub 2013 Sept 17
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  46. Mader JR, Resch ZT, McLean GR, Mikkelsen JH, Oxvig C, Marler RJ, Conover CA. Mice deficient in PAPP-A show resistance to the development of diabetic nephropathy. J Endocrinol. 2013 Oct; 219 (1):51-8 Epub 2013 Sept 06
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  47. Conover CA, Bale LK, Powell DR. Inducible knock out of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-a gene expression in the adult mouse: effect on vascular injury response. Endocrinology. 2013 Aug; 154 (8):2734-8 Epub 2013 June 07
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  48. Conover CA. Role of PAPP-A in aging and age-related disease. Exp Gerontol. 2013 Jul; 48 (7):612-3 Epub 2012 July 10
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  49. Kjaer-Sorensen K, Engholm DH, Kamei H, Morch MG, Kristensen AO, Zhou J, Conover CA, Duan C, Oxvig C. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) modulates the early developmental rate in zebrafish independently of its proteolytic activity. J Biol Chem. 2013 Apr 5; 288 (14):9982-9992 Epub 2013 Feb 19
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  50. Bale LK, Resch ZT, Harstad SL, Overgaard MT, Conover CA. Constitutive expression of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A in arterial smooth muscle reduces the vascular response to injury in vivo. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Jan 15; 304 (2):E139-44 Epub 2012 Nov 20
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  51. Boldt HB, Bale LK, Resch ZT, Oxvig C, Overgaard MT, Conover CA. Effects of mutated pregnancy-associated plasma protein-a on atherosclerotic lesion development in mice. Endocrinology. 2013 Jan; 154 (1):246-52 Epub 2012 Nov 16
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  52. Conover CA. Key questions and answers about pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2012 May; 23 (5):242-9 Epub 2012 Mar 28
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  53. Mason EJ, Grell JA, Wan J, Cohen P, Conover CA. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II contribute differentially to the phenotype of pregnancy associated plasma protein-A knock-out mice. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2011 Oct; 21 (5):243-7 Epub 2011 July 28
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  54. Conover CA, Boldt HB, Bale LK, Clifton KB, Grell JA, Mader JR, Mason EJ, Powell DR. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A2 (PAPP-A2): tissue expression and biological consequences of gene knockout in mice. Endocrinology. 2011 Jul; 152 (7):2837-44 Epub 2011 May 17
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  55. Boldt HB, Conover CA. Overexpression of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A in ovarian cancer cells promotes tumor growth in vivo. Endocrinology. 2011 Apr; 152 (4):1470-8 Epub 2011 Feb 08
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  56. Conover CA. PAPP-A: a new anti-aging target? Aging Cell. 2010 Dec; 9 (6):942-6 Epub 2010 Oct 21
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  57. Conover CA, Mason MA, Bale LK, Harrington SC, Nyegaard M, Oxvig C, Overgaard MT. Transgenic overexpression of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A in murine arterial smooth muscle accelerates atherosclerotic lesion development. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2010 Aug; 299 (2):H284-91 Epub 2010 May 14
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  58. Conover CA, Bale LK, Grell JA, Mader JR, Mason MA. Longevity is not influenced by prenatal programming of body size. Aging Cell. 2010 Aug; 9 (4):647-9 Epub 2010 June 09
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  59. Nyegaard M, Overgaard MT, Su YQ, Hamilton AE, Kwintkiewicz J, Hsieh M, Nayak NR, Conti M, Conover CA, Giudice LC. Lack of functional pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPPA) compromises mouse ovarian steroidogenesis and female fertility. Biol Reprod. 2010 Jun; 82(6):1129-38. Epub 2010 Feb 03.
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  60. Conover CA, Bale LK, Mader JR, Mason MA, Keenan KP, Marler RJ. Longevity and age-related pathology of mice deficient in pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2010 Jun; 65 (6):590-9 Epub 2010 Mar 29
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  61. Gonzalez C, Auw Yang KG, Schwab JH, Fitzsimmons JS, Reinholz MM, Resch ZT, Bale LK, Clemens VR, Conover CA, O'Driscoll SW, Reinholz GG. Transforming growth factor-beta1 modulates insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 expression and proteolysis in cultured periosteal explants. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2010 Apr; 20 (2):81-6 Epub 2009 Aug 04
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  62. Mader JR, Mason MA, Bale LK, Gades NM, Conover CA. The Association of Early Dietary Supplementation with Vitamin E with the Incidence of Ulcerative Dermatitis in Mice on a C57BL/6 Background: Diet and Ulcerative Dermatitis in Mice. Scand J Lab Anim Sci. 2010; 37 (4):253-259
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  63. Vallejo AN, Michel JJ, Bale LK, Lemster BH, Borghesi L, Conover CA. Resistance to age-dependent thymic atrophy in long-lived mice that are deficient in pregnancy-associated plasma protein A. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jul 7; 106(27):11252-7. Epub 2009 Jun 22.
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  64. Swindell WR, Masternak MM, Kopchick JJ, Conover CA, Bartke A, Miller RA. Endocrine regulation of heat shock protein mRNA levels in long-lived dwarf mice. Mech Ageing Dev. 2009 Jun; 130(6):393-400. Epub 2009 Apr 08.
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  65. Miller BS, Khosravi MJ, Patterson MC, Conover CA. IGF system in children with congenital disorders of glycosylation. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2009 Jun; 70(6):892-7. Epub 2009 Jan 22.
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  66. Tchoukalova YD, Nathanielsz PW, Conover CA, Smith SR, Ravussin E. Regional variation in adipogenesis and IGF regulatory proteins in the fetal baboon. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Mar 13; 380 (3):679-83 Epub 2009 Jan 29
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  67. Conover CA, Mason MA, Levine JA, Novak CM. Metabolic consequences of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A deficiency in mice: exploring possible relationship to the longevity phenotype. J Endocrinol. 2008 Sep; 198 (3):599-605 Epub 2008 June 19
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  68. Conover CA, Harrington SC, Bale LK. Differential regulation of pregnancy associated plasma protein-A in human coronary artery endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2008 Jun; 18 (3):213-20 Epub 2007 Oct 23
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  69. Tanner SJ, Hefferan TE, Rosen CJ, Conover CA. Impact of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-a deletion on the adult murine skeleton. J Bone Miner Res. 2008 May; 23 (5):655-62
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  70. Ning Y, Schuller AG, Conover CA, Pintar JE. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-4 is both a positive and negative regulator of IGF activity in vivo. Mol Endocrinol. 2008 May; 22(5):1213-25. Epub 2008 Feb 07.
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  71. Conover CA. Insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins and bone metabolism. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Jan; 294(1):E10-4. Epub 2007 Nov 14.
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  72. Miedema MD, Conover CA, MacDonald H, Harrington SC, Oberg D, Wilson D, Henry TD, Schwartz RS. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A elevation in patients with acute coronary syndrome and subsequent atorvastatin therapy. Am J Cardiol. 2008 Jan 1; 101(1):35-9.
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  73. Conover CA, Bale LK. Loss of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A extends lifespan in mice. Aging Cell. 2007 Oct; 6(5):727-9. Epub 2007 Aug 06.
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  74. Harrington SC, Simari RD, Conover CA. Genetic deletion of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A is associated with resistance to atherosclerotic lesion development in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice challenged with a high-fat diet. Circ Res. 2007 Jun 22; 100(12):1696-702. Epub 2007 May 17.
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  75. Elesber AA, Lerman A, Denktas AE, Resch ZT, Jared Bunch T, Schwartz RS, Conover CA. Pregnancy associated plasma protein-A and risk stratification of patients presenting with chest pain in the emergency department. Int J Cardiol. 2007 May 2; 117(3):365-9. Epub 2006 Jul 20.
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  76. Miller BS, Bronk JT, Nishiyama T, Yamagiwa H, Srivastava A, Bolander ME, Conover CA. Pregnancy associated plasma protein-A is necessary for expeditious fracture healing in mice. J Endocrinol. 2007 Mar; 192: (3)505-13.
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  77. Boldt HB, Conover CA. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A): a local regulator of IGF bioavailability through cleavage of IGFBPs. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2007 Feb; 17(1):10-8. Epub 2007 Jan 10.
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  78. Conover CA, Harrington SC, Bale LK, Oxvig C. Surface association of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A accounts for its colocalization with activated macrophages. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Feb; 292 (2):H994-H1000 Epub 2006 Oct 13
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  79. Glerup S, Kloverpris S, Laursen LS, Dagnaes-Hansen F, Thiel S, Conover CA, Oxvig C. Cell surface detachment of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A requires the formation of intermolecular proteinase-inhibitor disulfide bonds and glycosaminoglycan covalently bound to the inhibitor. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jan 19; 282(3):1769-78.
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  80. Resch ZT, Simari RD, Conover CA. Targeted disruption of the pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A gene is associated with diminished smooth muscle cell response to insulin-like growth factor-I and resistance to neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury. Endocrinology. 2006 Dec; 147(12):5634-40. Epub 2006 Sep 07.
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  81. Elesber AA, Conover CA, Denktas AE, Lennon RJ, Holmes DR Jr, Overgaard MT, Christiansen M, Oxvig C, Lerman LO, Lerman A. Prognostic value of circulating pregnancy-associated plasma protein levels in patients with chronic stable angina. Eur Heart J. 2006 Jul; 27(14):1678-84. Epub 2006 May 22.
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  82. Sangiorgi G, Mauriello A, Bonanno E, Oxvig C, Conover CA, Christiansen M, Trimarchi S, Rampoldi V, Holmes DR, Schwartz RS, Spagnoli LG. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-a is markedly expressed by monocyte-macrophage cells in vulnerable and ruptured carotid atherosclerotic plaques: a link between inflammation and cerebrovascular events. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Jun 6; 47(11):2201-11. Epub 2006 May 15.
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  83. Resch ZT, Oxvig C, Bale LK, Conover CA. Stress-activated signaling pathways mediate the stimulation of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A expression in cultured human fibroblasts. Endocrinology. 2006 Feb; 147(2):885-90. Epub 2005 Nov 03.
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  84. Haluska P, Carboni JM, Loegering DA, Lee FY, Wittman M, Saulnier MG, Frennesson DB, Kalli KR, Conover CA, Attar RM, Kaufmann SH, Gottardis M, Erlichman C. In vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of the dual insulin-like growth factor-I/insulin receptor inhibitor, BMS-554417. Cancer Res. 2006 Jan 01; 66: (1)362-71.
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  85. Conover CA, Bale LK, Harrington SC, Resch ZT, Overgaard MT, Oxvig C. Cytokine stimulation of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A expression in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells: inhibition by resveratrol. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2006 Jan; 290(1):C183-8.
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  86. Jadlowiec J, Dongell D, Smith J, Conover C, Campbell P. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A is involved in matrix mineralization of human adult mesenchymal stem cells and angiogenesis in the chick chorioallontoic membrane. Endocrinology. 2005 Sep; 146(9):3765-72.
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  87. Bale LK, Conover CA. Disruption of insulin-like growth factor-II imprinting during embryonic development rescues the dwarf phenotype of mice null for pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. Journal of Endocrinology. 2005 Aug; 186(2):325-31.
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  88. Garcia-Touchard A, Henry TD, Sangiorgi G, Spagnoli LG, Maurillo A, Conover C, Schwartz RS. Extracellular proteases in atherosclerosis and restenosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005 Jun; 25: (6)1119-27.
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  89. Boldt HB, Kjaer-Sorensen K, Overgaard MT, Weyer K, Poulsen CB, Sottrup-Jensen L, Conover CA, Giudice LC, Oxvig C. The Lin12-Notch repeats of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A bind calcium and determine its proteolytic specificity. J Biol Chem. 2004 Sep 10; 279(37):38525-31.
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  90. Kalli KR, Bradley SV, Fuchshuber S, Conover CA. Estrogen receptor-positive human epithelial ovarian carcinoma cells respond to the antitumor drug suramin with increased proliferation: possible insight into ER and epidermal growth factor signaling interactions in ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2004 Sep; 94 (3):705-12
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  91. Kalli KR, Chen BK, Bale LK, Gernand E, Overgaard MT, Oxvig C, Cliby WA, Conover CA. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) expression and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 protease activity in normal and malignant ovarian surface epithelial cells. Int J Cancer. 2004 Jul 10; 110: (5)633-40.
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  92. Phy JL, Conover CA, Abbott DH, Zschunke MA, Walker DL, Session DR, Tummon IS, Thornhill AR, Lesnick TG, Dumesic DA. Insulin and messenger ribonucleic acid expression of insulin receptor isoforms in ovarian follicles from nonhirsute ovulatory women and polycystic ovary syndrome patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Jul; 89 (7):3561-6
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  93. Resch ZT, Chen BK, Bale LK, Oxvig C, Overgaard MT, Conover CA. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein a gene expression as a target of inflammatory cytokines. Endocrinology. 2004 Mar; 145(3):1124-9. Epub 2003 Dec 04.
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  94. Conover CA, Bale LK, Overgaard MT, Johnstone EW, Laursen UH, Fuchtbauer EM, Oxvig C, van Deursen J. Metalloproteinase pregnancy-associated plasma protein A is a critical growth regulatory factor during fetal development. Development. 2004 Mar; 131 (5):1187-94
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  95. Conover CA, Chen BK, Resch ZT. Regulation of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A expression in cultured human osteoblasts. Bone. 2004 Feb; 34(2):297-302.
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  96. Kalli KR, Devine KE, Cabot MC, Arnt CR, Heldebrant MP, Svingen PA, Erlichman C, Hartmann LC, Conover CA, Kaufmann SH. Heterogeneous role of caspase-8 in fenretinide-induced apoptosis in epithelial ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Dec; 64 (6):1434-43
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  97. Conover CA, Khosla S. Role of extracellular matrix in insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-2 regulation of IGF-II action in normal human osteoblasts. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2003 Dec; 13 (6):328-35
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  98. Bayes-Genis A, Schwartz RS, Bale LK, Conover CA. Effects of insulin-like growth factor-I on cultured human coronary artery smooth muscle cells. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2003 Oct; 13 (5):246-53
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  99. Chen BK, Leiferman KM, Pittelkow MR, Overgaard MT, Oxvig C, Conover CA. Localization and regulation of pregnancy-associated plasma protein a expression in healing human skin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Sep; 88 (9):4465-71
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  100. Ortiz CO, Chen BK, Bale LK, Overgaard MT, Oxvig C, Conover CA. Transforming growth factor-beta regulation of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 protease system in cultured human osteoblasts. J Bone Miner Res. 2003 Jun; 18(6):1066-72.
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  101. Kalli KR, Conover CA. The insulin-like growth factor/insulin system in epithelial ovarian cancer. Front Biosci. 2003 May 1; 8:d714-22 Epub 2003 May 01
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  102. Fukumoto T, Sperling JW, Sanyal A, Fitzsimmons JS, Reinholz GG, Conover CA, O'Driscoll SW. Combined effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 and transforming growth factor-beta1 on periosteal mesenchymal cells during chondrogenesis in vitro. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2003 Jan; 11 (1):55-64
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  103. Soares-Welch CV, Zeldenrust SR, Conover CA, Grant CS, Service FJ. Hodgkin's lymphoma manifesting with hypoglycemia. Endocr Pract. 2003 Jan-Feb; 9 (1):96-7
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  104. Laursen LS, Overgaard MT, Nielsen CG, Boldt HB, Hopmann KH, Conover CA, Sottrup-Jensen L, Giudice LC, Oxvig C. Substrate specificity of the metalloproteinase pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) assessed by mutagenesis and analysis of synthetic peptides: substrate residues distant from the scissile bond are critical for proteolysis. Biochem J. 2002 Oct 1; 367(Part 1):31-40.
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  105. Kalli KR, Falowo OI, Bale LK, Zschunke MA, Roche PC, Conover CA. Functional insulin receptors on human epithelial ovarian carcinoma cells: implications for IGF-II mitogenic signaling. Endocrinology. 2002 Sep; 143 (9):3259-67
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  106. Khosla S, Ballard FJ, Conover CA. Use of site-speciftic antibodies to characterize the circulating form of big insulin-like growth factor II in patients with hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2002 Aug; 87(8):3867-70.
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  107. Conover CA, Johnstone EW, Turner RT, Evans GL, John Ballard FJ, Doran PM, Khosla S. Subcutaneous administration of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II/IGF binding protein-2 complex stimulates bone formation and prevents loss of bone mineral density in a rat model of disuse osteoporosis. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2002 Jun; 12 (3):178-83
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  108. Giudice LC, Conover CA, Bale L, Faessen GH, Ilg K, Sun I, Imani B, Suen LF, Irwin JC, Christiansen M, Overgaard MT, Oxvig C. Identification and regulation of the IGFBP-4 protease and its physiological inhibitor in human trophoblasts and endometrial stroma: Evidence for paracrine regulation of IGF-II bioavailability in the placental bed during human implantation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 May; 87(5):2359-66.
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  109. Chen BK, Overgaard MT, Bale LK, Resch ZT, Christiansen M, Oxvig C, Conover CA. Molecular regulation of the IGF-binding protein-4 protease system in human fibroblasts: Identification of a novel inducible inhibitor. Endocrinology. 2002 Apr; 143(4):1199-205.
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  110. Soe R, Overgaard MT, Thomsen AR, Laursen LS, Olsen IM, Sottrup-Jensen L, Haaning J, Giudice LC, Conover CA, Oxvig C. Expression of recombinant murine pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and a novel variant (PAPP-Ai) with differential proteolytic activity. Eur J Biochem. 2002 Apr; 269(8):2247-56.
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  111. Mazerbourg S, Overgaard MT, Oxvig C, Christiansen M, Conover CA, Laurendeau I, Vidaud M, Tosser-Klopp G, Zapf J, Monget P. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in ovine, bovine, porcine, and equine ovarian follicles: involvement in IGF binding protein-4 proteolytic degradation and mRNA expression during follicular development. Endocrinology. 2001 Dec; 142 (12):5243-53
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  112. Bayes-Genis A, Conover CA, Overgaard MT, Bailey KR, Christiansen M, Holmes DR Jr, Virmani R, Oxvig C, Schwartz RS. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A as a marker of acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2001 Oct 4; 345(14):1022-9.
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  113. Laursen LS, Overgaard MT, Soe R, Boldt HB, Sottrup-Jensen L, Giudice LC, Conover CA, Oxvig C. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) cleaves insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-5 independent of IGF: implications for the mechanism of IGFBP-4 proteolysis by PAPP-A. FEBS Lett. 2001 Aug 24; 504(1-2):36-40.
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  114. Overgaard MT, Boldt HB, Laursen LS, Sottrup-Jensen L, Conover CA, Oxvig C. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A2 (PAPP-A2), a novel insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-5 proteinase. J Biol Chem. 2001 Jun 15; 276(24):21849-53. Epub 2001 Mar 22
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  115. Conover CA, Faessen GF, Ilg KE, Chandrasekher YA, Christiansen M, Overgaard MT, Oxvig C, Giudice LC. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-a is the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 protease secreted by human ovarian granulosa cells and is a marker of dominant follicle selection and the corpus luteum. Endocrinology. 2001 May; 142 (5):2155
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  116. Bayes-Genis A, Schwartz RS, Lewis DA, Overgaard MT, Christiansen M, Oxvig C, Ashai K, Holmes DR Jr, Holmes DR Jr, Conover CA. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 protease produced by smooth muscle cells increases in the coronary artery after angioplasty. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2001 Mar; 21 (3):335-41
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  117. Chelius D, Conover CA, Baldwin MA, Spencer EM. Characterization of the enzymatic specificity of the IGF-dependent insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4) protease. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2000 Dec; 10(6):360-6.
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  118. Overgaard MT, Haaning J, Boldt HB, Olsen IM, Laursen LS, Christiansen M, Gleich GJ, Sottrup-Jensen L, Conover CA, Oxvig C. Expression of recombinant human pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and identification of the proform of eosinophil major basic protein as its physiological inhibitor. J Biol Chem. 2000 Oct 6; 275(40):31128-33.
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  119. Conover CA, Bale LK, Durham SK, Powell DR. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-3 potentiation of IGF action is mediated through the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase pathway and is associated with alteration in protein kinase B/AKT sensitivity. Endocrinology. 2000 Sep; 141 (9):3098-103
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  120. Conover CA. In vitro studies of insulin-like growth factor I and bone. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2000 Apr; 10(Suppl B):107-110.
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  121. Conover CA. In vitro studies of insulin-like growth factor I and bone. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2000 Apr; 10 Suppl B:S107-10
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  122. Goetzl EJ, Lee H, Dolezalova H, Kalli KR, Conover CA, Hu YL, Azuma T, Stossel TP, Karliner JS, Jaffe RB. Mechanisms of lysolipid phosphate effects on cellular survival and proliferation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000 Apr; 905:177-87.
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  123. Bayes-Genis A, Conover CA, Schwartz RS. The insulin-like growth factor axis: A review of atherosclerosis and restenosis. Circ Res. 2000 Feb 4; 86 (2):125-30
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  124. Gori F, Hofbauer LC, Conover CA, Khosla S. Effects of androgens on the insulin-like growth factor system in an androgen-responsive human osteoblastic cell line. Endocrinology. 1999 Dec; 140(12):5579-86.
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  125. Conover CA, Oxvig C, Overgaard MT, Christiansen M, Giudice LC. Evidence that the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 protease in human ovarian follicular fluid is pregnancy associated plasma protein-A. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999 Dec; 84 (12):4742-5
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  126. Thomas T, Gori F, Spelsberg TC, Khosla S, Riggs BL, Conover CA. Response of bipotential human marrow stromal cells to insulin-like growth factors: effect on binding protein production, proliferation, and commitment to osteoblasts and adipocytes. Endocrinology. 1999 Nov; 140 (11):5036-44
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  127. Goetzl EJ, Dolezalova H, Kong Y, Hu YL, Jaffe RB, Kalli KR, Conover CA. Distinctive expression and functions of the type 4 endothelial differentiation gene-encoded G protein-coupled receptor for lysophosphatidic acid in ovarian cancer. Cancer Res. 1999 Oct 15; 59(20):5370-5.
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  128. Overgaard MT, Oxvig C, Christiansen M, Lawrence JB, Conover CA, Gleich GJ, Sottrup-Jensen L, Haaning J. Messenger ribonucleic acid levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and the proform of eosinophil major basic protein: expression in human reproductive and nonreproductive tissues. Biol Reprod. 1999 Oct; 61(4):1083-9.
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  129. Coenen Schimke JM, Ljungqvist OH, Sarkar G, Conover CA, Nair KS. A quantitative PCR measurement of messenger RNA expression of IGF-I, IGF-II and IGFBP-5 in human skeletal muscle. Growth Horm IGF Res. 1999 Jun; 9(3):179-86.
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  130. Lawrence JB, Oxvig C, Overgaard MT, Sottrup-Jensen L, Gleich GJ, Hays LG, Yates JR 3rd, Conover CA. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-dependent IGF binding protein-4 protease secreted by human fibroblasts is pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Mar 16; 96 (6):3149-53
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  131. Ingle JN, Suman VJ, Kardinal CG, Krook JE, Mailliard JA, Veeder MH, Loprinzi CL, Dalton RJ, Hartmann LC, Conover CA, Pollak MN. A randomized trial of tamoxifen alone or combined with octreotide in the treatment of women with metastatic breast carcinoma. Cancer. 1999 Mar 15; 85 (6):1284-92
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  132. Lawrence JB, Bale LK, Haddad TC, Clarkson JT, Conover CA. Characterization and partial purification of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-dependent IGF binding protein-4-specific protease from human fibroblast conditioned media. Growth Horm IGF Res. 1999 Feb; 9(1):25-34.
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  133. Baxter RC, Binoux MA, Clemmons DR, Conover CA, Drop SL, Holly JM, Mohan S, Oh Y, Rosenfeld RG. Recommendations for nomenclature of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein superfamily. Endocrinology. 1998 Oct; 139(10):4036.
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  134. Baxter RC, Binoux MA, Clemmons DR, Conover CA, Drop SL, Holly JM, Mohan S, Oh Y, Rosenfeld RG. Recommendations for nomenclature of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein superfamily. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 1998 Sep; 83(9):3213.
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  135. Khosla S, Hassoun AA, Baker BK, Liu F, Zein NN, Whyte MP, Reasner CA, Nippoldt TB, Tiegs RD, Hintz RL, Conover CA. Insulin-like growth factor system abnormalities in hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis. Potential insights into increasing bone mass in adults. J Clin Invest. 1998 May 15; 101 (10):2165-73
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  136. Wang L, Darling J, Zhang JS, Qian CP, Hartmann L, Conover C, Jenkins R, Smith DI. Frequent homozygous deletions in the FRA3B region in tumor cell lines still leave the FHIT exons intact. Oncogene. 1998 Feb 5; 16(5):635-42.
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  137. Conover CA, Hartmann LC, Bradley S, Stalboerger P, Klee GG, Kalli KR, Jenkins RB. Biological characterization of human epithelial ovarian carcinoma cells in primary culture: the insulin-like growth factor system. Exp Cell Res. 1998 Feb 1; 238(2):439-49.
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  138. Conover CA, Bale LK. Insulin-like growth factor I induction of c-myc expression in bovine fibroblasts can be blocked by antecedent insulin receptor activation. Exp Cell Res. 1998 Jan 10; 238 (1):122-7
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  139. Conover CA. IGFBP regulation by proteases. Int Congr Ser. 1998; 1151:107-114.
  140. Kassem M, Okazaki R, Harris SA, Spelsberg TC, Conover CA, Riggs BL. Estrogen effects on insulin-like growth factor gene expression in a human osteoblastic cell line with high levels of estrogen receptor. Calcif Tissue Int. 1998 Jan; 62 (1):60-6
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  141. Lee PD, Giudice LC, Conover CA, Powell DR. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1: recent findings and new directions. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology & Medicine. 1997 Dec; 216(3):319-57.
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  142. Lawrence JB, Conover CA, Haddad TC, Ingle JN, Reid JM, Ames MM, Suman VJ, Marks RS, Erlichman C, Hartmann LC. Evaluation of continuous infusion suramin in metastatic breast cancer: impact on plasma levels of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-binding proteins. Clin Cancer Res. 1997 Oct; 3(10):1713-20.
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  143. Durham SK, Mohan S, Liu F, Baker BK, Lee PD, Hintz RL, Conover CA, Powell DR. Bioactivity of a 29-kilodalton insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 fragment present in excess in chronic renal failure serum. Pediatr Res. 1997 Sep; 42(3):335-41.
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  144. Conover CA. IGFs and cellular aging. Endocrine. 1997 Aug; 7 (1):93-4
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  145. Haddad TC, Conover CA. Insulin and interleukin-4 induce desensitization to the mitogenic effects of insulin-like growth factor-I. Pivotal role for insulin receptor substrate-2. J Biol Chem. 1997 Aug 1; 272 (31):19525-31
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  146. Conover CA. Regulation and physiological role of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Endocr J. 1996 Oct; 43 Suppl:S43-8
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  147. Conover CA, Lee PD, Riggs BL, Powell DR. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 expression in cultured human bone cells: regulation by insulin and glucocorticoid. Endocrinology. 1996 Aug; 137(8):3295-301.
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  148. Conover CA, Clarkson JT, Bale LK. Factors regulating insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 binding, processing, and potentiation of insulin-like growth factor action. Endocrinology. 1996 Jun; 137(6):2286-92.
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  149. Kassem M, Okazaki R, De Leon D, Harris SA, Robinson JA, Spelsberg TC, Conover CA, Riggs BL. Potential mechanism of estrogen-mediated decrease in bone formation: estrogen increases production of inhibitory insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-4. Proc Assoc Am Physicians. 1996 Mar; 108(2):155-64.
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  150. Conover CA, Hintz RL, Johnson BF. Differential effects of glucocorticoids on insulin-like growth factor I action in cultured human fibroblasts. J Cell Physiol. 1995 Jun; 163(3):615-22.
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  151. Okazaki R, Conover CA, Harris SA, Spelsberg TC, Riggs BL. Normal human osteoblast-like cells consistently express genes for insulin-like growth factors I and II but transformed human osteoblast cell lines do not. Journal of Bone & Mineral Research. 1995 May; 10(5):788-95.
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  152. Conover CA, Clarkson JT, Bale LK. Effect of glucocorticoid on insulin-like growth factor (IGF) regulation of IGF-binding protein expression in fibroblasts. Endocrinology. 1995 Apr; 136(4):1403-10.
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  153. Durham SK, Riggs BL, Harris SA, Conover CA. Alterations in insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-dependent IGF-binding protein-4 proteolysis in transformed osteoblastic cells. Endocrinology. 1995 Apr; 136(4):1374-80.
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  154. Conover CA, Durham SK, Zapf J, Masiarz FR, Kiefer MC. Cleavage analysis of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-dependent IGF-binding protein-4 proteolysis and expression of protease-resistant IGF-binding protein-4 mutants. J Biol Chem. 1995 Mar 3; 270 (9):4395-400
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  155. Conover CA, Perry JE, Tindall DJ. Endogenous cathepsin D-mediated hydrolysis of insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins in cultured human prostatic carcinoma cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Mar; 80(3):987-93.
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  156. Okazaki R, Durham SK, Riggs BL, Conover CA. Transforming growth factor-beta and forskolin increase all classes of insulin-like growth factor-I transcripts in normal human osteoblast-like cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Feb 27; 207(3):963-70.
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  157. Conover CA. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein proteolysis in bone cell models. Prog Growth Factor Res. 1995; 6 (2-4):301-9
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  158. Durham SK, De Leon DD, Okazaki R, Riggs BL, Conover CA. Regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-4 availability in normal human osteoblast-like cells: role of endogenous IGFs. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 1995 Jan; 80(1):104-10.
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  159. Durham SK, Riggs BL, Conover CA. The insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4)-IGFBP-4 protease system in normal human osteoblast-like cells: regulation by transforming growth factor-beta. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 1994 Dec; 79(6):1752-8.
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  160. Eghbali-Fatourechi G, Conover CA, Sieck GC, Gores GJ, Fitzpatrick LA. Secretion of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 from individual hepatocytes. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol. 1994 Sep; 85 (3):243-59
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  161. Conover CA, Clarkson JT, Bale LK. Physiological concentrations of insulin induce cellular desensitization to the mitogenic effects of insulin-like growth factor I. Diabetes. 1994 Sep; 43 (9):1130-7
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  162. Conover CA, Clarkson JT, Bale LK. Insulin-like growth factor-II enhancement of human fibroblast growth via a nonreceptor-mediated mechanism. Endocrinology. 1994 Jul; 135(1):76-82.
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  163. Conover CA, De Leon DD. Acid-activated insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 proteolysis in normal and transformed cells. Role of cathepsin D. J Biol Chem. 1994 Mar 11; 269 (10):7076-80
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  164. Okazaki R, Riggs BL, Conover CA. Glucocorticoid regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein expression in normal human osteoblast-like cells. Endocrinology. 1994 Jan; 134(1):126-32.
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  165. Durham SK, Kiefer MC, Riggs BL Jr, Conover CA. Regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 by a specific insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 proteinase in normal human osteoblast-like cells: implications in bone cell physiology. J Bone Miner Res. 1994 Jan; 9(1):111-7.
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  166. Conover CA, Baker BK, Bale LK, Clarkson JT, Liu F, Hintz RL. Human hepatoma cells synthesize and secrete insulin-like growth factor Ia prohormone under growth hormone control. Regul Pept. 1993 Oct 20; 48 (1-2):1-8
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  167. Lee PD, Conover CA, Powell DR. Regulation and function of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology & Medicine. 1993 Oct; 204(1):4-29.
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  168. Conover CA, Clarkson JT, Bale LK. Phorbol ester tumor promoters regulate insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-4 proteolysis. Endocrinology. 1993 Sep; 133(3):1347-51.
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  169. Conover CA, Bale LK, Clarkson JT, Torring O. Regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 messenger ribonucleic acid expression and protein availability in rat osteoblast-like cells. Endocrinology. 1993 Jun; 132(6):2525-30.
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  170. Conover CA, Kiefer MC. Regulation and biological effect of endogenous insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 in human osteoblastic cells. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 1993 May; 76(5):1153-9.
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  171. Lee PD, Jensen MD, Divertie GD, Heiling VJ, Katz HH, Conover CA. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 response to insulin during suppression of endogenous insulin secretion. Metabolism: Clinical & Experimental. 1993 Apr; 42(4):409-14.
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  172. Conover CA, Kiefer MC, Zapf J. Posttranslational regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 in normal and transformed human fibroblasts. Insulin-like growth factor dependence and biological studies. J Clin Invest. 1993 Mar; 91 (3):1129-37
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  173. Conover CA, Bale LK, Clarkson JT, Durham SK. Potentiation of insulin-like growth factor action by insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3: studies of underlying mechanism. Growth Regul. 1993 Mar; 3(1):87-8.
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  174. Conover CA, Divertie GD, Lee PD. Cortisol increases plasma insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 in humans. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1993 Feb; 128 (2):140-3
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  175. Conover CA, Clarkson JT, Durham SK, Bale LK. Cellular actions of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993; 343:255-66
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  176. Bale LK, Conover CA. Regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 messenger ribonucleic acid expression by insulin-like growth factor I. Endocrinology. 1992 Aug; 131(2):608-14.
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  177. Hassager C, Fitzpatrick LA, Spencer EM, Riggs BL, Conover CA. Basal and regulated secretion of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in osteoblast-like cells is cell line specific. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992 Jul; 75 (1):228-33
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  178. Conover CA. Potentiation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) action by IGF-binding protein-3: studies of underlying mechanism. Endocrinology. 1992 Jun; 130(6):3191-9.
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  179. Conover CA, Lee PD, Kanaley JA, Clarkson JT, Jensen MD. Insulin regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 in obese and nonobese humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992 Jun; 74(6):1355-60.
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  180. Conover CA. Glycosylation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) is not required for potentiation of IGF-I action: evidence for processing of cell-bound IGFBP-3. Endocrinology. 1991 Dec; 129(6):3259-68.
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  181. Conover CA. A unique receptor-independent mechanism by which insulinlike growth factor I regulates the availability of insulinlike growth factor binding proteins in normal and transformed human fibroblasts. J Clin Invest. 1991 Oct; 88 (4):1354-61
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  182. Conover CA, Powell DR. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-3 blocks IGF-I-induced receptor down-regulation and cell desensitization in cultured bovine fibroblasts. Endocrinology. 1991 Aug; 129(2):710-6.
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  183. Torring O, Firek AF, Heath H 3rd, Conover CA. Parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related peptide stimulate insulin-like growth factor-binding protein secretion by rat osteoblast-like cells through a adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent mechanism. Endocrinology. 1991 Feb; 128 (2):1006-14
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  184. Conover CA, Butler PC, Wang M, Rizza RA, Lee PD. Lack of growth hormone effect on insulin-associated suppression of insulinlike growth factor binding protein 1 in humans. Diabetes. 1990 Oct; 39 (10):1251-6
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  185. Conover CA. Regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein synthesis by insulin and IGF-I in cultured bovine fibroblasts. Endocrinology. 1990 Jun; 126(6):3139-45.
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  186. Conover CA, Lee PD. Insulin regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein production in cultured HepG2 cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1990 Apr; 70(4):1062-7.
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  187. Conover CA, Ronk M, Lombana F, Powell DR. Structural and biological characterization of bovine insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3. Endocrinology. 1990; 127:2795-803.
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  188. Rosenfeld RG, Pham H, Conover CA, Hintz RL, Baxter RC. Structural and immunological comparison of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins of cerebrospinal and amniotic fluids. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1989; 68:638-46.
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  189. Sturm MA, Conover CA, Pham H, Rosenfeld RG. Insulin-like growth factor receptors and binding protein in rat neuroblastoma cells. Endocrinology. 1989; 124:388-96.
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  190. Conover CA, Liu F, Powell D, Rosenfeld RG, Hintz RL. Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins from cultured human fibroblasts: Characterization and hormonal regulation. J Clin Invest. 1989; 83:852-9.
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  191. Conover CA, Rosenfeld RG, Hintz RL. Serum glucocorticoids have persistent and controlling effects on insulin-like growth factor I action under serum-free assay conditions in cultured human fibroblasts. In Vitro. 1989; 25:521-7.
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  192. Conover CA, Hintz RL, Rosenfeld RG. Direct Evidence that the insulin receptor mediates a mitogenic response in cultured human fibroblasts. Horm Metab Res. 1989; 21:59-63.
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  193. Conover CA, Baker BK, Hintz RL. Cultured human fibroblasts secrete insulin-like growth factor IA prohormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1989; 69:25-30.
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  194. Conover CA, Misra P, Hintz RL, Rosenfeld RG. Differential binding of [125I]IGF to human fibroblast monolayers. Acta Endocrinol. 1988; 118:513-20.
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  195. Conover CA, Rosenfeld RG, Hintz RL. Somatomedin C/insulin-like growth factor I binding and action in human fibroblasts aged in culture: Impaired synergism with dexamethasone. J Gerontol. 1987; 42:308-14.
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  196. Conover CA, Rosenfeld RG, Hintz RL. Impaired synergism between somatomedin C/insulin-like growth factor I and dexamethasone in the growth of fibroblasts from a patient with severe insulin resistance. Pediatr Res. 1987; 22:188-91.
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  197. Rosenfeld RG, Conover CA, Hodges D, Lee PDK, Misra P, Hintz RL, Li CH. Heterogeneity of insulin-like growth factor I affinity for the insulin-like growth factor II receptor: Comparison of natural, synthetic, and recombinant DNA-derived insulin-like growth factor I. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987; 143:199-205.
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  198. Conover CA, Rosenfeld RG, Hintz RL. Insulin-like growth factor II binding and action in human fetal fibroblasts. J Cell Physiol. 1987; 133:560-6.
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  199. Conover CA, Rosenfeld RG, Hintz RL. Hormonal control of the replication of human fetal fibroblasts: Role of somatomedin C/insulin-like growth factor I. J Cell Physiol. 1986; 128:47-54.
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  200. Conover CA, Misra P, Hintz RL, Rosenfeld RG. Effect of an anti-insulin-like growth factor I receptor antibody on insulin-like growth factor II stimulation of DNA synthesis in human fibroblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1986; 139:501-8.
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  201. Conover CA, Hintz RL, Rosenfeld RG. Comparative effects of somatomedin C and insulin on the metabolism and growth of cultured human fibroblasts. J Cell Physiol. 1985; 122:133-41.
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  202. Conover CA, Dollar LA, Rosenfeld RG, Hintz RL. Somatomedin binding and action in fibroblasts from aged and progeric subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1985; 60:685-91.
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  203. Conover CA, Rosenfeld RG, Hintz RL. Aging alters somatomedin C-dexamethasone synergism in the stimulation of DNA synthesis and replication of cultured human fibroblasts. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1985; 61:423-8.
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  204. Rosenfeld RG, Dollar LA, Conover CA. Density-associated loss of functional receptors for somatomedin-C/insulin-like growth factor I (SM-C/IGF-I) on cultured human fibroblast monolayers. J Cell Physiol. 1984; 121:419-24.
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  205. Conover CA, Dollar LA, Hintz RL, Rosenfeld RG. Insulin-like growth factor I/somatomedin C (IGF-I/SM-C) and glucocorticoids synergistically regulate mitosis in competent human fibroblasts. J Cell Physiol. 1983; 116:191-7.
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  206. Rosenfeld RG, Dollar LA, Hintz RL, Conover CA. Normal somatomedin-C/insulin-like growth factor I binding and action in cultured human fibroblasts from Turner Syndrome. Acta Endocrinol. 1983; 104:502-9.
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  207. Conover CA, Rozovski SJ, Ruderman NB. Partial characterization of an insulin-dependent serum factor that regulates ornithine decarboxylase in skeletal muscle. Diabetes. 1982; 31:500-5.
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  208. Conover CA, Rozovski SJ, Ruderman NB. Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase in skeletal muscle: Evidence for the involvement of an insulin-dependent serum factor. Diabetes. 1981; 30:678-84.
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  209. Conover CA, Rozovski SJ, Belur ER, Aoki TT, Ruderman NB. Polyamine metabolism in insulin-deficient states. Biochem J. 1980; 192:725-32.
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  210. Ruderman NB, Goodman MN, Conover CA, Berger M. Substrate utilization in perfused skeletal muscle. Diabetes. 1979; 28(Supp 1):13-17.
  211. Rozovski SJ, Conover CA, Ruderman NB. Effect of diabetes on the induction of ornithine decarboxylase by refeeding. Life Sci. 1979; 25:553-60.
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  212. Cheung JY, Conover C, Regen DM, Whitfield CF, Morgan HE. Effect of insulin on kinetics of sugar transport in heart muscle. Am J Physiol. 1978; 234:E70-8.
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  213. Pegg AE, Conover C, Wrona A. Effect of aliphatic diamines on rat liver ornithine decarboxylase activity. Biochem J. 1978; 170:651-60.
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  214. Pegg AE, Conover C, Wiegand L. Inhibition of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase activity and polyamine synthesis in vivo. Fed Proc. 1977; 36:921.
  215. Pegg AE, Conover CA. Irreversible inhibition of mammalian and yeast S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase by 1,1'-(methlethanediylidanedinitrilo)-bis(3-aminoguanidine). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1976; 69:766-74.
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