我正在母乳喂养。我能否饮酒?
回答 Elizabeth LaFleur, R.N.
母乳喂养和饮酒不能同时进行。对婴儿来说,母乳中不含酒精才安全。
当您饮酒时,酒精会进入母乳,且浓度相当于体内循环血液中的酒精浓度。尽管母乳喂养的婴儿只会吸收母亲所饮用酒精的一小部分,但新生儿从体内清除酒精的速度只有成人的一半。
研究表明,如果母亲每天饮酒,母乳喂养婴儿的运动发育可能受损,且酒精还会引起睡眠模式的改变。此外,尽管传言称饮酒可提高泌乳量,但研究表明,酒精实际上会降低泌乳量,且母乳中含酒精会导致婴儿饮用的母乳减少约 20%。
如果您选择饮酒,请避免母乳喂养,直至母乳中完全不含酒精。根据您的体重,12 盎司(355 毫升)的 5 度啤酒、5 盎司(148 毫升)的 11 度葡萄酒或 1.5 盎司(44 毫升)的 40 度烈酒通常需要 2 至 3 小时才能清除。如果您打算饮酒,建议在母乳喂养不久后饮酒,确保酒精能在母乳喂养的自然间隔期间从母乳中清除。
抽吸并倾倒母乳,并不能加快人体清除酒精的速度。但是,如果错过母乳喂养时间,通过抽吸并倾倒母乳,有助于保持泌乳量并避免乳房肿胀。
记住,母乳喂养是喂养新生儿的最佳方式,建议母乳喂养至婴儿至少 1 岁。如果您选择饮酒,请谨慎安排时间,避免婴儿吸入酒精。
With
Elizabeth LaFleur, R.N.
Dec. 15, 2022
- May PA, et al. Breastfeeding and maternal alcohol use: Prevalence and effects on child outcomes and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Reproductive Toxicology. 2016;63:13.
- Breastfeeding. Alcohol. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/breastfeeding-special-circumstances/vaccinations-medications-drugs/alcohol.html. Accessed June 20, 2019.
- Briggs GG, et al. Ethanol. In: Drugs in Pregnancy & Lactation: A Reference Guide to Fetal and Neonatal Risk. 10th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2015.
- Koren G. Drinking alcohol while breastfeeding: Will it harm my baby? Canadian Family Physician. 2002;48:39.
- Mennella J. Alcohol's effect on lactation. Alcohol Research & Health. 2001;25:230.
- Akus M, et al. Lactation safety recommendations and reliability compared in 10 medication resources. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 2007;41:1352.
- Reece-Stremtan S, et al. ABM clinical protocol #21: Guidelines for breastfeeding and substance use or substance use disorder, revised 2015. Breastfeeding Medicine. 2015;10:135.
- AskMayoExpert. Breastfeeding. Rochester, Minn.: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2018.
- Younger Meek J, ed. A perfect design: How breastfeeding works. In: New Mother's Guide to Breastfeeding. 3rd ed. New York, N.Y.: Bantam Books; 2017.
See more Expert Answers